افعال ادراک در انگلیسی برای توصیف تجربیات حسی ضروری هستند. آنها به ما اجازه می دهند آنچه را که می بینیم، می شنویم، احساس می کنیم، بو می کنیم و می چشیم. افعال اولیه ادراک عبارتند از «دیدن»، «شنیدن»، «احساس»، «بوییدن»، «چشیدن»، «تماشا»، «توجه» و «مشاهده». این افعال را می توان با یک مصدر خالی (شکل پایه فعل) یا فعل فعلی (شکل -ing) دنبال کرد. انتخاب بین این اشکال تفاوت جزئی جمله را تغییر می دهد و نشان می دهد که آیا عمل به طور کامل مشاهده شده است یا به عنوان یک فرآیند مداوم. بیایید استفاده از این افعال را با مثال هایی بررسی کنیم تا کاربرد صحیح آنها را نشان دهیم.
ویدیو افعال ادراکی در انگلیسی
انواع افعال ادراکی در انگلیسی
1. **See**
2. **Hear**
3. **Feel**
4. **Smell**
5. **Taste**
6. **Watch**
7. **Notice**
8. **Observe**
ساختار استفاده از افعال حسی و ادراکی
1. Bare Infinitive (Base Form)
When verbs of perception are followed by a bare infinitive, it implies that the observer witnessed the entire action from start to finish.
مثال:
- “I saw her enter the room.”
- (I saw the complete action of her entering the room.)
- “They heard him play the piano.”
- (They heard the entire performance.)
- “She felt the ground shake.”
- (She felt the complete shaking of the ground.)
2. Present Participle (-ing Form)
When verbs of perception are followed by the present participle, it indicates that the observer saw the action in progress but not necessarily from start to finish.
مثال:
- “I saw her entering the room.”
- (I saw her in the process of entering the room.)
- “They heard him playing the piano.”
- (They heard him while he was playing, but not necessarily the entire performance.)
- “She felt the ground shaking.”
- (She felt the ground while it was shaking.)
مثال در مفهوم
1. See
– Bare Infinitive: “I saw him take the book.”
– Present Participle: “I saw him taking the book.”
2. Hear
– Bare Infinitive: “We heard the teacher explain the lesson.”
– Present Participle: “We heard the teacher explaining the lesson.”
3. Feel
– Bare Infinitive: “She felt the baby kick.”
– Present Participle: “She felt the baby kicking.”
4. Smell
– Bare Infinitive: “He smelled the soup burn.”
– Present Participle: “He smelled the soup burning.”
5. Taste
– Bare Infinitive: “She tasted the sauce improve.”
– Present Participle: “She tasted the sauce improving.”
6. Watch
– Bare Infinitive: “We watched them build the house.”
– Present Participle: “We watched them building the house.”
7. Notice
– Bare Infinitive: “I noticed him leave early.”
– Present Participle: “I noticed him leaving early.”
8. Observe
– Bare Infinitive: “The scientist observed the cells divide.”
– Present Participle: “The scientist observed the cells dividing.”
توصیههایی برای استفاده از افعال ادراکی
۱- تاکید بر کامل بودن: وقتی می خواهید تأکید کنید که عمل به طور کامل مشاهده شده است از مصدر خالی استفاده کنید.
“She heard the baby cry.” (She heard the complete crying action.)
۲- کنش در حال انجام را برجسته کنید: از حرف حال برای برجسته کردن اینکه عمل در لحظه مشاهده در حال انجام بود استفاده کنید.
“She heard the baby crying.” (She heard the baby in the act of crying.)
۳- مضمونهای زمینه: انتخاب بین مصدر ساده و فعل غالباً به زمینه و جنبهای از عمل بستگی دارد که میخواهید بر آن تأکید کنید.
– Complete Action: “I saw them finish the project.”
– Ongoing Action: “I saw them finishing the project.”
۴- شفاف بودن را حفظ کنید: با انتخاب فرم مناسب اطمینان حاصل کنید که جمله شما واضح و دقیق است.
– Clear: “He noticed the cat jump.”
– Clear: “He noticed the cat jumping.”
بیشتر یاد بگیرید: چگونه گرامر نقل قول انگلیسی را استفاده کنیم؟
و در نهایت
افعال ادراک ابزار قدرتمندی برای توصیف تجربیات حسی به زبان انگلیسی هستند. با درک تمایز بین استفاده از مصدر خالی و یک فاعل بعد از این افعال، می توانید بیان کنید که آیا یک عمل به طور کامل مشاهده شده است یا به عنوان یک فرآیند مداوم. تمرین در زمینههای مختلف به شما کمک میکند در استفاده از این افعال تسلط پیدا کنید، مهارتهای ارتباطی خود را افزایش دهید و توضیحات خود را واضحتر و دقیقتر کنید.
متن آهنگ Chris Brown با گرامر see somebody doing something
Chris Brown
Track “Chris Brown”
on Bandsintown
“Bring It Back”
(feat. T-Pain)
[Hook – T-Pain:]
If somebody see me doing bad, then I’m doing something wrong
I ain’t tripping, I got money in the bank
Shawty wanna come back to my pad so she hopped up in the chrome
Yeah, shawty coming with me, what it do?
Throw that money in the air, let it pause, pause
And homie, you ain’t even gotta ask, you know I ball
Every time I hit the mall, I want it all
Somebody gon’ give me a whole 200 and tell the DJ bring it back
[Verse 1 – Chris Brown:]
Every time you see me, I be in a Lamborghini
Counting money, fettuccine, I be on one
She wore a itsy, bitsy, teeny, weeny, yellow polka dot bikini
Baby come and get it if you want some
I throw a 50 and now she sitting with me
And if she show a little more skin, I throw more 50s
And I see she got that bad, off that Henny and that ‘tron
You talking ’bout that money, boy I bought my money long
[Pre-Chorus – Chris Brown:]
I said I, I said I
I said I, I said I
Turn it up, turn it up
Turn it up, turn it up
[Verse 2 – Chris Brown:]
When I hit the club, all the ladies get excited
Stunting one leg on these hoes like a fucking pirate
I cause a fucking riot, you know that I’m the fliest
And I’m jumping out the plane with no parachute hi vest
And when you see me, greet your highness
Let me introduce you to VA’s finest
Check the chain and the wrist watch
So much ice on it, I can’t hear it tick tock
هم چنین نقل قولی از Sunday Adelaja که این گرامر see somebody doing something در ان بکار برده شده
We tend to get irritated when
we see somebody doing something
that is unusual and
unfamiliar to our thinking
Sunday Adelaja
داستان کوتاهی با استفاده از افعال حسی
On a crisp autumn morning, Emily strolled through the park, enjoying the vibrant colors of the falling leaves. As she walked along the path, she saw children playing near the pond. She after his kite, his laughter echoing through the trees. Nearby, she heard a group of musicians practicing a lively tune, their melodies blending harmoniously with the rustling leaves. Emily felt the cool breeze on her face, carrying the earthy scent of the season. She watched a family of ducks swimming gracefully across the pond, their soft quacks adding to the serene atmosphere.
As she continued her walk, Emily saw an elderly couple sitting on a bench, sharing a quiet moment together. She heard the gentle murmur of their conversation, punctuated by occasional chuckles. She smelled the sweet aroma of freshly baked pastries wafting from a nearby café, making her stomach growl in anticipation. Approaching the café, she noticed a barista brewing coffee, the rich scent mingling with the crisp air. Emily felt a sense of contentment wash over her as she observed the simple joys of life unfolding around her.